O-304 (ATX-304) 100mg x60 Capsules

O-304 (ATX-304) is a pan-AMPK activator — it activates all three regulatory AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) beta subunit isoforms (β1, β2, β3) simultaneously, producing broader and more complete AMPK activation than isoform-selective activators like AICAR or metformin. Developed by Betagenon AB (Sweden), O-304 entered human clinical trials and is one of the few direct AMPK activators with actual human Phase 2 data — making it one of the most clinically validated AMPK activating compounds available as a research agent.

AMPK is the master cellular energy sensor — activated when cellular AMP:ATP ratios rise (indicating energy depletion), AMPK triggers a coordinated metabolic response that increases energy production and reduces energy consumption: fatty acid oxidation increases, glucose uptake rises through GLUT4 translocation, mitochondrial biogenesis is activated through PGC-1α, and anabolic processes (fatty acid synthesis, protein synthesis, gluconeogenesis) are suppressed. This metabolic reorientation is exactly what makes AMPK activation therapeutically attractive for metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, obesity, and age-related metabolic decline.

O-304's pan-AMPK activation through all three beta isoforms is pharmacologically significant because different AMPK beta isoforms have distinct tissue distributions and functional roles. Beta-1 is highly expressed in liver and heart; beta-2 predominates in skeletal muscle; beta-3 is important in adipose tissue. Isoform-selective activators (like the beta-1-selective GSK621 or the beta-1/2 AICAR-like agents) miss important tissue compartments. O-304's pan-activation provides simultaneous hepatic (β1), skeletal muscle (β2), and adipose (β3) AMPK signaling — a more complete metabolic effect than any single-isoform activator.

Human Phase 2 data from O-304's clinical development in type 2 diabetes showed clinically meaningful improvements in fasting glucose, HbA1c, and insulin sensitivity without the lactic acidosis risk that limits metformin use in renally compromised patients. The Phase 2 also showed improvements in cardiovascular risk markers (blood pressure, heart rate) consistent with the known cardiovascular protective effects of AMPK activation in cardiac and vascular tissue — effects observed because the human heart expresses significant beta-1 AMPK, and cardiac AMPK activation reduces ischemic injury and improves energy efficiency under metabolic stress.

O-304 is orally bioavailable — an advantage over AICAR (poor oral bioavailability) that makes practical long-term dosing far more accessible. The capsule formulation reflects this oral delivery route. For researchers interested in comprehensive AMPK activation across all tissue compartments with human clinical data supporting the mechanism, O-304 represents the most complete and clinically validated available option.

Dose: available in capsule form. Published Phase 2 doses ranged from 200–800mg daily.